Business In Internet Essay Example for Free

Business In Internet Essay1. Is chirrup just a bright subject or a real business opportunity? To what extent does Twitters situation reflect the past record of its founders?In my opinion, I think twitter is a good business opportunity. Like other internet service, twitter has a large number of users, which provide a potential revenue foundation. At present, twitters priority is to find a revenue model to transfer the abundant of users to money. If twitter finds thus a model, it will become another internet service giant in the world. At present, Twitters functional model is not original design of the founder, William, which is an incident idea. After that, the founder notice that this model is suitable with peoples wants, allowing to disseminate information to others in real-time. The founder has a good idea for establishing company but not having a good idea to earn profit from the business.2. A). what is Twitters Advantages and challenges given it chosen technology configurat ion?First, Twitter is easy to use. Twitter only focus on using text to communication. Users can easily to use twitter without learning or training. The challenge for the rule is that text is dull. Some of users would feel twitter is not attractable.Second, web-based platform is another advantage for Twitter. Users can use Twitter service by accessing website from different systems.In my opinion, open source platform will bring twitter a great potential. Users can develop experience application on Twitters according to their own interests. However, open source besides has challenges that the malicious application can spread without proper supervision.B). what ar the benefits and challenges for corporations looking to use Twitter internally and externally make for internally using Twitter the communication among employees or managers would be efficient because Twitter is just-in-time communication platform. Managers can use Twitter to transmit their order to the particularized fo llowers (employees) employees also can report work to managers by using the same manner. Challenges for internally using Twitter it is very different to organize the followers. And it is also danger to use Twitter to transmit business confidence. Using Twitter also can increase whisper or rumor spreading interior the corporates.Benefit for externally using Twitter the customers can get new product information of the corporate on time, which is a good promotion and marketing method. The challenge for externally using Twitter is that marketing effect coverage significantly depends on the internet.3. What has been Twitters marketing approach to date, and is it sustainable? expert now, in my opinion, Twitter has a very simple marketing approach to earn money, firstly, using abundant users to attract venture capital investors. Secondly, Twitter sells (Twitter name) to puffy companies or big events. At present, none of twitter functions charge personal users. Most of its expenditure comes from the venture capital. For a long term, this approach cannot survive however, the investors notice the potential of Twitter. In the future, Twitter will provide difference revenue model to earn profit.4. Can Twitter ever earn profits? If so, what are the best ways it can monetize?In my opinion, Twitter can earn profits in the future, if it does that adopting advertising models would be a good method to earn money. Secondly, it is necessary to create paid content for users who want to have further service. Thirdly, Twitter can cooperate with publishers, job agencies, etc. collecting commission.

Effective Communication Essay Example for Free

Effective Communication EssayEffective converse mingled with team members is a lust to have within all venomous nicety organizations. Communication cannot only be done verbally it can also be done nonverbally with the use of body expression as well. Another major component in effective communication is having the ability to know the difference between auditory modality and hearing. Even though effective communication is vital to the success of criminal justice organizations, there are many barriers to overcome such as language barriers, communication involving semantics, and the ability to try. The Process of Verbal Non-Verbal Communication and the Associated Components of Each There are deuce types of effective communication cables in the criminal justice field that are known as formal and informal channels. agree to (www.businessdictionary.com), A type of verbal presentation or document intended to fortune information and which conforms to established professional r ules, standards and processes and avoids using slang terminology. The main types of formal communication within a business are downward where information moves from higher(prenominal) management to subordinate employees, upward where information moves from employees to management and horizontal where information is shared between peers. In the criminal justice organization, the formal communication channel goes upwards within the chemical bowed stringed instrument of command based on the ranking system. The military is a perfect example be stool they are ran through a chain of command system where they are forced to utilize the formal communication channel. fit to (www.ehow.com), Formal channels of communication are within the hierarchy of the criminal justice field. The chain of command directs the formal channels of upward, downward, and horizontal communication through thelevels of command.The organizations hierarchy establishes procedures related to communication within the l evels of command. The directors dictate the means of communication and to whom each subordinate is to report. The hierarchy sets the structure and atmosphere through written policies and procedures. An example of an informal channel of communication would be a conversation between two people at work about a particular individual and their work habits. There is no documentation of the entire conversation and it is not formal.The Difference Between Listening Hearing in Communication There are a few key differences between listening and hearing. When you actively listen you are able to comprehend what the person is saying and able to remember it along with well-favored an accurate response. The meaning of hearing is one of the five senses. jibe to (www.differencebetween.info), Hearing is one of the five senses of a person and it is the ability to perceive sound by detecting vibrations through an organ such as the ear. According to Merriam-Webster, hearing is the process, function, o r power of perceiving sound specifically the special sense by which noises and tones are received as stimuli. In hearing, vibrations are detected by the ear and then converted into nerve impulses and sent to the encephalon. A person who is unable to hear has a condition known as deafness.Hearing occurs unconstipated in sleep, where the ear processes the sounds and passes them on to the brain, but the brain does not always react to the sound. Listening also known as active listening is a technique used in communication, which requires a person to pay attention to the speaker and provide feedback. Listening is a step further than hearing, where after the brain receives the nerve impulses and deciphers it, it then sends feedback. Listening requires concentration, deriving meaning from the sound that is heard and reacting to it. Listening is a process of communication, where if the person is not listening it can cause a break in communication. Listening is defined by Merriam-Webster a s, to hear something with thoughtful attention give consideration. When you are an active listener you are giving the speaker the upmost respect because it shows that you truly care about what they are saying. This is the best way to effectively communicate and it helps build the relationship between the two individuals who are engaging in conversation.Criminal Justice Language obstacles Solutions to BarriersJust a few weeks ago a San Diego ocean Hospital bomb scud occurred due to a language barrier in communication. Nobody was able to understand two Spanish men that approached the gate to deliver a package. According to (www.sandiegoreader.com), When questioned by the sentries on duty, a language barrier prompted uncertainty about the mens intentions, specifically regarding a package in their possession. Notice went up through the chain of command, and orders came back to follow precautions used in case of a bomb threat. The gate was put on lockdown, and bomb-sniffing dogs were called in. Since the area immediately surrounding the gate lies alfresco Navy jurisdiction, a notice went out to police for assistance. The SDPD complied by setting up a blast perimeter, closing access to Florida and according to an eyewitness Pershing squeeze north of 26th Street and south of Upas. No residential streets were affected by the closures. Eventually a border patrol officer came to aid the Naval Police and translated the words of the two Spanish men. They were not a threat at all and were merely just delivering hospital items to the base. A solution to this hassle must take place to avoid an issue like this happening again. A quick solution to this issue is to train all security strength on navy bases so they can understand multiple languages and/or having military group who already speak multiple languages guard the front gate. If all personnel were able to understand all languages then this problem will have never happened. A situation like this is an embarras sment and is also can derive into the lines of harassment if the two men wanted to press charges.ReferencesBusiness Dictionary. (2014, Jan 6). Formal Channels of Communication. Retrieved from http//www.businessdictionary.com Difference Between. (2013, December 12). Difference Between Hearing and Listening. Retrieved from http//www.differencebetween.info San Diego Reader. (January 2, 2014). Language Barrier Prompts Naval Hospital Bomb Scare. Retrieved from http//www.sandiegoreader.com eHow. (2014, Jan 10). Formal and Informal Channels of Communication. Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com

The Green Technology Issues In The Construction

The Green Technology Issues In The ConstructionThe surround issues is virtuoso of biggest business that every countries facing nowadays. This problem is getting worse from day to day due to the irresponsible human activities which ca mathematical function lots of damages to the environment. There are various ways interpreted by every country in order to reduce the issues of the environment. One of the ways is promoting putting cat valium technology. As in Malaysia, we are also facing the resembling issues. So the government has been putting many efforts in promoting fleeceable technology to create a better environment. The implementation of squirt technology serves the purpose of promoting wellness and improve environment. The important of implementing young technology is becoming recognised worldwide. Mostly the European countries provide some benefits like incentives or requirements to countenance jet-propelled plane technology. For example, Reykjavik, Iceland, is the je t-propelled planeest metropolis in the world. The city is run completely on hydroelectric and geothermal power. This country plans to become the cleanest country in the future. In Malaysia, green technology slight being applies in the manifestation industry due to lack of knowledge, and the industry is not willing to accept the ch every last(predicate)enge and change. This research is nigh to study the green technology issues in construction industry in Malaysia.BackgroundThe pattern of implementation of green technology in construction industry is starting in the 1930s when the new building technologies began to transform the urban landscape. A sm completely group of forward-thinking architects, environmentalists, and ecologists, starting to thinking about the advisability of building to construct it in more than favorable environmental way after they adopt been inspired by the work of Victor Olgyay (Design with Climate), Ralph Knowles (Form and Stability), and Rachel Carson (Silent Spring. (Building Design and Construction, 2003, page4).In this generation, construction industry is usually wizard of the largest industries inside a country and its widely influence over other related industry. Due to its wide influences towards other related industry, the government always use the construction industry as a regulator of the national economy. Therefore, the zip and resources consumed by the industry surprisingly high if compared to others industries. Because of its highly consumption of energy and resources, the construction industry is known as the most environment unfriendly industry. Various environmental taint has arises due to the development of this field.AimThe title is to study the green technology issues in construction industry in Malaysia.Objective-to review and examine the concepts and principle of green technology-to study the features of green technology in KL area-to identify the various barrier of influences of green technology in Malay siaResearch MethodologyStage 1 Literature reviewThis stage involves a lot of research to search the selective information about my research topic. In this stage, the review may include some definition of green technology. All the information will be collected from books, journals, articles, online resources, etc. The information that gathers will be summarized under the literature review section. From this method, I get to know more about the concept and definition of green technology.Stage 2 Case studyI will conduct a field research to look for the trip study that fully achieves my objectives. The role study is carried out by looking at the types of green technology that has been use in our country. I find for the case study information through newspaper and magazines and visit the applicable building which has implement green technology inside and I will try to converse the maintenance personnel, contractor or architect if possible. The interview is to identify the adoption o f green technology and the advantages of green technology and how it benefits the users and environment. The case study will expect my study by analysis the information that I have collected.Stage 3 QuestionnaireThis stage would involve in order collecting the data which is relevant to the research objectives. The questionnaires will be set with questions with the response opportunity of why, other, please state so that the answers keep be analyzed easily and quickly.The targeted study existence for this survey questionnaire is local construction companies which are involved before in construct green building. This is because they have more experience on the green concept and they know more about the technology of green. This will desexualise the answers to be more accuracy.I have target 30 companies from Malaysia to answer the questionnaire. The list of companies in Malaysia can be obtained from relevant professional boards such as Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) , Malaysia Builder Directory and Builders Diary. The questionnaire survey is distributed via mail. Phone calls can be made to ask permission from companies to answer the questionnaire set. If less than half of the construction companies response, self visit to the construction companies are required in order to make sure relevant data can be collected smoothly.Stage 4 Analysis data and resultThis stage would be to compile and analyzing all the information and data obtained that I have collected. I will analyses the data collected and maybe include some recommendations.Scope of StudyIt is significant to hold the scope of study and limitation of the research. The overall research will based on the objectives and the final output is to achieve all objectives of the research. This research is to study the green technology issues in the construction industry in Malaysia.Definition of Green TechnologyThe word green can be refers as to go on the environment including the plants and anima ls which exist in it, and the word technology refers as the application of knowledge to create tools for certain purposes. Green technology can be known as the technology which is harmless to the environment or clean technology.In Malaysia, according to KETTHA (Ministry of energy, Green Technology and irrigate, 2010), Green Technology convey the application and development of products, systems and equipment utilize to conserve the natural environment and resources, which minimize and reduces the negative impact of human activities.According to KETTHA (Ministry of energy, Green Technology and Water, 2010), Green Technology also refers to products, equipment or systems which gather the following criteriaIt will minimizes the degradation of environment, it has zero or low green house gas (GHG) emissionIt is safe for use and promotes healthy and improved environment for all forms of lifeIt conserves the use of energy and natural resources, and finallyIt promotes the use of renewable resources.Goals of Green TechnologyGreen technology act as an important role nowadays and it has the ability to reduce the damages which create by the society in the past. Green technology is expecting to bring improvement and changes to the fooling habitual habits of society. Severe goals that contribute the developments in this rapidly growing field includeSustainabilityThe application of green technology is sustainable development and act as a solution to handle the environment issues. Sustainable development is an example that uses the resources to meet the needs of society in ways that can continue indefinitely into the future without damaging or depleting natural resources. In short, meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (Green Technology, 2006) psychiatric hospitalInnovation means create of new things, ways or ideas to do something. New or improvement methods which is use to develop new method to replace the c irculating(prenominal) technologies, for example the fossil fuel or chemical intensive agriculture, which have been contribute damage to the environment. The alternatives technologies that create to replace the current one must be environmental friendly.Cradle to CradleA change in industry, which switch from cradle to grave cycle to a cradle to cradle cycle. By creating products that can be fully reclaimed or re-used, the impact to the environment will be reduced. The cradle to cradle idea is that the yen equal foods. This means that all the products will able to return to the earths lifecycle.ViabilityTo form a centre economics activity which connected with green technologies and product which are friendly to environment. For the green technologies to have contact with the environment, it must speed up the implementation and create new careers which truly protect the planet.Source reductionSource reduction is an effort by reducing or eliminating the waste amount by several ways li ke implementing the preservation techniques, promoting the usage of non-toxic materials, or re-using the materials rather than treat as waste materials. The concept of reduce, recycle and re-use is one of the way to getting waste reduction, by reducing the disposal materials quantities, trying to recycle the materials and re-use it to reduce the pollution risk.Major palm of Green Technologies in MalaysiaThere are many different types of green technologies that are being used in our country at different sector. These green technologies are expected to bring improvement of the environment and human health. In Malaysia, there are four major fields of green technology where green technologies is being implemented, which are building, energy, transportation, and weewee and waste management.Building SectorAs the population of human race keep increasing, the space for development keep expands, and causes the pollution level of environment increasing consequently. In order to mitigate the impact of development towards the environment, Green Building has appeared as a new building philosophy, which promote the use of more environmental friendly materials, more clean techniques to develop, and reduce waste consumption.According to U.S Green Building Council (USGBC), Green Building is defined as a building that is designed, constructed, and operated to boost environmental, economic, health and productivity performance. (USGBC, 2010, page 6)Regards to GBI, green building is a building designed and operated to reduce the overall impact of the construct environment on its surroundings and reducing building impact on human health and environment during buildings lifecycle through better sitting, design, construction, operation and removal. In addition, green building also focuses on increasing the efficiency of resources use like energy, water and materials and energy conservation.The technologies which applied in green building may be different from region to region ther e are basic principles that insist on which the method is derived.Design efficiencyThe concept and design stage is one of the important factors when constructing a building, as it has the impact in the building performance and cost. The building design will affect the building performance if the design is not well design. For example, the heat from sun rises and sets will influence the occupants comfort inside the building.Energy efficiencyGreen building concept is always connected with the energy efficient use. The purpose is to reduce energy wasted and rely on natural resources like solar, wind, etc which these energies are free and will not create pollution. For example, the plant of window, if is place at the right position, it can fully provide more natural daylight and ventilation, thus reduce the chances of usage of electric lightning and ventilation system.Water efficiencyReduction in use of water, protecting water quality and minimization the wastage of water are one of th e key factors in green building. The conservation and protection of water throughout the life of a building can be achieved by using water that is collected, used, purified, and re-used on site. For example, the conservation of water in a building can be achieved by designing dual plumbing system which recycles the water in toilet.Materials efficiencyThe material criterion is match on the selection of construction material, the reuse and recycles material and also management of the construction waste material. To achieve the role on material, promote of usage of friendly materials from sustainable sources and recycling. Implement proper construction waste management with storage, collection and re-use of recyclables and construction formwork and waste.Indoor environment qualityIndoor Environmental Quality (EQ) means the quality of environment inside the building. The Indoor Environment Quality includes the indoor air quality, thermal quality, heating, ventilation, air conditioning and the lightning elements.To achieve good indoor environmental quality, it will involve the use of low volatile organic compound materials, application of quality air filtration, sound absorbing materials, control of air front end and humidity and artificial light perform.Operation and maintenanceThe green building need to operate responsibly and maintained properly in order to preserve the sustainability of a building with its design and construction. The aspect of green feature in a building is integrated with the operation and maintenance phase of a buildings life. Ensuring operations and maintenance are part of the projects planning and development process which will help retain the green criteria designed of the project.Waste reductionThe construct of green building will reduce the construction waste. The construction of a building will create a huge solid waste and these wastages are normally thrown away which will causes pollution to the environment. Green building will ful ly use the materials and minimizes the construction waste.Energy sectorTransportationWaste and water management

A standard costing and variance analysis

A bar embodying and partition analysisStudy suggests that many companies usage amount accounting to determine cost and for quantity performance. However, thither has always been speculation on standard cost being the most effective measurement. The actual cost normally differs from the standard be, which is based on calculations and assumptions. bill accounting takes into account different factors like hurt, specifications, quantity and quality of the material. The estimations involve in analyzing and setting standard costs involve the efficiency of the management. If a digression between the actual cost and the standard cost is observed, an investigation is required since it suggests the inefficiency in the calculation of estimates.Relevance of old-hat Costing and Variance AnalysisThe standard costs argon calculated according to the following flowchart and the variance is monitored and recalculated at every interval to reduce cost variance.Definition of standard cost a pre-determined cost calculated in relation to a prescribed set of working conditions, correlating technical specifications and scientific measurements of material and labor to the price and lock rates expected to apply during the period to which the standard cost is intended to relate, with the addition of an appropriate share of budgeted overhead (CIMA ICMA definition)The standard costs are to be set by the management after a set of calculations. These calculations can either be based on historical records or on engineering science studies. Depending on the type of company and volatility in costs, a great deal of care is to be taken into setting standards. timeworn costing is usually applied in conjunction with other costing rules (or variance analysis)Absorption and marginal costingJob and process costingBudgeting and budgetary controlAdvantages of Standard CostingThe costing standards are helpful in establishment of prices, budgets and production schedules. The employees are motivated to maintain efficiency to reduce errors in achieving a target. instruction by exception is allowed to be practiced by variances. Record keeping and stock evaluation are harmonized and simplified due to a standard set of costing gived across the system. Responsibility is defined with the help of variance analysis. The technical analysis necessary to set standards will result in better methods, greater efficiency and in cutting costs.The standards provide essential control information which help in comparing the actual costs to the standards.Disadvantages of Standard CostingFirstly standard costing will not be very efficient for companies that use a lean system. In lean production, the volumes produced are lowered and the inventories re consumed only after the determining amounts of the quantity demanded.Secondly, there might be changes in the working practices, the prices and volumes of the raw materials, which reduce the standards and are lead and inappropriate.Many cos ts are incurred in maintain and calculating the standard costing systems.Over assumptions of costs in an urge to make the standard costs favorable may lead to high cost variances. This may in any case lead to non-productive work like measuring and completing forms.Standard costing is too focused on statistical info and frankincense there might be a conflicting boundary between the standard cost and estimated cost. For simulation the overheads may require running at full efficiency even though the excess production is not required.Standard costing maybe relevant in larger firms with high production lines and bigger resources, but for smaller firms, the prefatorial thumb rule methods are more appropriate for use in control.Alternative methodsActivity Based CostingIn this method, the costs are recognized due to the cause and effect relationship between the activities and costs that motility the company costs. This method can theoretically be used in any industry due to its flexi bility in determining costs at different levels. ABC, just like the other traditional costing systems, it often results in recognizing indirect costs on easily identifiable figures such as direct labor hours. It often results in intrueness in assigning the costs to its relevant activity.However, this method is used effectively in complex companies where certain costs are not easy to record and evaluate. It is used in companies which are not completely service based.Balanced crap cardThe balanced score card is used as a performance measure and for strategic planning in major organizations. It was invented by Dr. Kaplan and David Norton that analyzed measurements in a combining of traditional and strategic method to give a more balanced view to the management. The balanced scored had four main statussLearning and growth perspectiveThe placard considers learning as one of the most important perspectives in the case of employees and at an organizational level. Funds can be adequately allotted by managers to ensure the training needs of a worker since the developing industry requires a continuous improvement in the skill level.Business process perspectiveIn this perspective, metrics are used to allow the managers to catch the importance of their internal business and whether the products and services are capable of satisfying the customers needs. The metrics for a business process are best when designed by a highly experienced internal manager.Customer perspectiveThe constant increase in the market trend from a customers perspective has increased companies to use metrics to define customer satisfaction levels. If the quality of the products and services reduce, the customer satisfaction would cut down and thus he would switch to a more competitive company. Hence, frequent measures such as the scorecard and customer feedbacks have to be used to understand the customers requirements.Financial perspectiveA company needs to constantly calculate its financial data and create a capacity to fund the current projects. The accuracy involved in this data will help the managers create a planned and organized expenditure. Data such as the risk assessment and cost-benefit data has to be identified in this perspective. The standard costing requires accuracy in calculating this data since any errors could cause a large cost variance and affect direct labor and direct material cost.Target costingTarget costing is a cost management tool for reducing the overall product cost in a production life cycle. This approach is most commonly used in Japanese companies along with Six Sigma, Kaizen and various other approaches. Unlike traditional methods, target costing takes a very proactive approach to pricing. It analyzes the costing information of the product and suggests the best possible price upfront. This saves the wastage in time and costs involved in re-engineering and design. In particular, target costing concentrates on phase wise reduction of costs in a product life cycle. The decisions involve a large team a multi-level team of staff from production, engineering, etc. to determine the acceptable market price.Just-in-time methodThe JIT method is one of the lean methods used in the new production systems. It is very efficient in supply chains and production units in determining the quantity of products to be produced depending on the customer requirements.However, JIT method also results in a few disadvantages such as purchasing inventory that is not required immediately. payable to the stock up of inventory, there are chances of the goods being damaged or lost. Also, the more assets a company is holding, the higher premium it has to pay. Thus having excessive assets is not an efficient option. Assets include both cash and inventory, but cash is more flexible and helps in precluding loans which means lesser liabilities for the organization.When the demand increases, the orders would have to be speed and thus greater staffing wor king in overtime is required. This would lead to an increase in the direct labor costs and also would reduce employee satisfaction. The company would also have to manage the orders in a short period of time which create a lot of trouble for the middle level management. This change in costs further affects the standard costing of a company.Total Quality ManagementTotal quality management involves the continuous improvement of products and services piece also involving the managers and employees in a quality management approach. TQM is aimed at increasing the quality while reducing the wastage in production of goods.Some of the popular companies involved in the adaptation of TQM include Toyota motor company, Ford motor company, Phillips semiconductor and SGL carbon.TQM involves the continuous improvement of a process, and thus improving the future results of a process. It contains a combination of quality management tools which helps in increasing the quality at pace with the improvi ng market standards.Kaizen methodsKaizen in Japanese stands for improvement in unproblematic terms. When the word is split, kai means change and zen means good. The most important aspect of a kaizen method is to standardize your process. Most of the companies that follow the kaizen method use a PDCA life cycle.One of the leading motor companies using this method efficiently is Toyota motors. Toyota has extensively implemented the continuous improvement strategy in its lifecycle.The basic steps of the kaizen method involve the Plan-Do-Check-Act life cycle. As the title suggests, the first step of the process involves planning the costs and estimating the costs accurately. The next step involves measuring and implementing the costs and the effectiveness using various measuring techniques. The third phase involves checking whether the standards are optimal and efficient and if not act accordingly towards continuous improvement. subsequently achieving the new results, these are set as the new standards and thus create accuracy. The cycle repeats itself continuously improving the process.Pricing decisions in service sectorsMost health care organizations do not realize the benefits of standard costing in an organization and thus result in high cost variances. The application of standard costing systems used in such organizations can help in realizing the losses in unrecovered overhead on time and hence take corrective action.In todays world, customers in the service sector demand the prices to be lowered and a better cost information system. The most effective way to deal with this is to use standard costing and variance analysis. Full costs per unit should be measured in advance of providing a service. The variable costs can thus be easily estimated since the facilities in the service sector directly use the pricing process.

Achieving Sustainable Development In Developing State Of Grenada Tourism Essay

Achieving Sustainable Development In developing State Of Grenada Tourism EssayIn post to adequately address the question of why Sustainable Development is important in the context of the Small Island Developing State of Grenada it is important to first insure what Sustainable Development is and what it entails. Secondly, the characteristics of Grenada must be described in terms of the most viable move up for achieving Sustainable Development.According to the Brundtland Report (1987), sustainable maturement is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs The commission also emphasizes that whether a country is considered developed or developing (in the context of Grenada) the goals of social and scotch development must be defined in terms of sustainability.According to the CIA World Fact Book (2010), Grenada relies severely on tourism as its main means of foreign exchange. The tourism industry con tri excepted 72.98 % of Grenadas overall GDP in 2008 (World situate Statistics, 2008), which underpins the importance of this industry to the economy. Therefore, sustainable development as it pertains to Grenada should be examined within the framework of tourism since it is Grenadas principal income generator and in essence what fuels the economy. However, it must be noted that tourism is not the only industry that can be looked at in terms of sustainability in Grenada. Agriculture, construction, textiles and food and beverages are also other industries. However, these also feed into the tourism sector.According to Joseph (2010), tourism utilizes the historic, economical, socio- ethnic and surroundings to grow and develop. The concept of sustainability as it relates to tourism put forth by McKercher (2003) further strengthens this point since its approach is precise holistic and encompasses four main pillars economic, ecological/environment, cultural and topical anaesthetic. A ll four pillars are recognized as being paramount in order to achieve each form of sustainability. Therefore each pillar will be examined in the in the context of Grenada.According to McKercher (2003) economic sustainability is geared at profiting the country in both the adjacent and long term. Tourism affords the Small Island Developing State of Grenada the opportunity of improving its economic well-being (Joseph, 2010). Grenada derives many economic benefits from the tourism industry. The task revenues collected as a result of accommodation, restaurant taxes, airport and sales taxes all impart the government with much required tax revenues. The jobs created are hand out across the economy, such(prenominal) a retail, construction, manufacturing and communications (Department of sparing and Social Affairs, 1999). Additionally, it earns the country valuable foreign exchange. This new money which is brought into the country in turn creates a multiplier effect, thus circulating m any segments of the economy (Joseph, 2010). Tourism also attracts additional businesses and services as a means of support.Grenada is currently experiencing tough economic times as a result of the global financial crisis. As a result, un business and poverty levels are increasing creating the need of employment opportunities for locals. According to the world-wide Monetary Fund (2010), the Gross Domestic Product of Grenada is estimated to have declined 7.7% with a 13% drop in tourism. Therefore, one of the economic concerns for tourism in Grenada that this brings to the drumhead is the diversity of the local economy. According to McKercher (2003) the diversification of the products by developing a wide range of tourism activities is part of economic sustainability. This should be taken into attachment since the tourism sector in Grenada is seasonal thus being unable to provide steady streams of income. Also, Grenada is susceptible to natural disasters particularly hurricanes whic h have a devastating effect on tourism infrastructure. Therefore, the adoption of sustainable tourism development could serve to create diversity and thus mitigate against economic vulnerability in the tourism sector. Another economic consideration that pertains to sustainable tourism in Grenada is the minimization of leakage. McKercher (2003) promotes the composition of partnerships doneout the entire supply chain from micro-sized local businesses to transnational organizations. A major form of leakage in the context of Grenada is that many of the profits generated from the industry are exported since many of the major tourist operations are owned by foreigners. For Example, many villas are being built in Grenada by foreign investors who later sell these villas to individual owners, thus not importantly bring back to the local economy. The Port Louis consider is a perfect role model. Although the lagoon is much more picturesque than it was before Peter De Savary invested in i t. Grenadians havent at once benefited from this development since Mr. De Savary has made his profit by selling the property to Camper and Nicholson, another foreign owner, and left with his money. Consequently, the occurrence of leakage results in the local state bearing the environmental and cultural costs of tourism while retaining relatively little of the economic benefits and thus reducing the multiplier effect.Over the last a couple of(prenominal) years Grenada has experienced a tremendous amount of development as a result of tourism. However, many of these developments were not executed in an economically sustainable manner. Bhola (2010) emphasizes that economically sustainable tourism should ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to all stakeholders that are fairly distributed, including stable employment and income, earning opportunities and social services to host communities and contributing to poverty alleviation. The Brundtlan d Report (1987) further stresses the integration of economic and ecological considerations in decision making because these concerns need no necessarily have to be in opposition.McKercher (2003) purports that when it pertains to ecological/environmental sustainability that any form of development must be compatible with the maintenance of essential ecological processes, biological diversity and biological resources. However, in the context of Grenadas tourism industry, according to Kelly (2008) the Grenadian government is sacrificing the islands pristine environment to the fast buck of resort development. The Mount Hartman estate development is one such project identified as a potential threat to a tract of pristine dry forest and swampy mangroves and also the Grenada Dove which Mount Hartman happens to be a nesting site for. According to Dr. Clare Morrall (as cited by Kelly, 2008) Grenadas mangroves are incredibly important to the ecosystems of the surrounding area and what is happ ening in Grenada will have an impact on fishing stockswhich are at the point of collapse.The environmental characteristics of Grenada are one of the main reasons that it is such an attractive tourist destination. These include the lush green vegetation, exsanguine sandy beaches and exquisite marine and terrestrial life. However, tourism puts added build on these resources through excess demand and unbalanced economic development (Bhola, 2010). Some of the environmental problems associated with tourism are deforestation, water and air pollution, poor solid waste management practices and coastal destruction of coral reefs, mangroves etc (Joseph, 2010). The development of hotels, marinas and harbours along our coastline has served to damage shoreline ecosystems, coral reefs and mangrove systems. According to Burke, Greenhalgh Prager et.al (2008), the valuable goods and services provided by ecosystems such as coral reefs are often overlooked or underappreciated in coastal investmen t , development and policy decisions, resulting in short-sighted decisions that do not maximize the long-term economic potential of coastal areas. Therefore, not only is the environment affected but the viability of Grenada as a tourist destination is also compromised which in turn threatens economic well being since these resources are depended upon to support Grenadas main industry. World Bank Statistics (2008) shows that Grenada currently has 3 mammals and three plant species that are threatened. The Caribbean region and by extension Grenada has been listed as one of the top hotspots for endemic species worldwide, yet the Caribbean retains only 11.3% of its uncomplicated vegetation (Myers et al, 2000). This exemplifies the lack of concern for the environment and how development has been allowed to significantly move over to the reduction of our natural resources. According to Gardiner (2009), ever form of life on this planet does not stand on its own but is supported by, and s upports, other living things. He further goes on to state that to lose one species is same to losing an important part of the ecosystem. This therefore underscores what is at stake if these mammal and plant species identified by the World Bank as being endangered in Grenada are allowed to become extinct. As a result, both environmental and economic vulnerability of Grenada is being exacerbated by unsustainable development.Another very important aspect of sustainable development is cultural sustainability. According to McKercher (2003), cultural sustainability increases peoples control over their lives and is compatible with the culture and values of those affected and strengthen the community identity. Grenadas history of colonialism has created a very unique and diverse culture and history which serves to enhance its marketability as a tourist destination. Colonialism has facilitated a movement of people to the Caribbean and by extension Grenada from Africa and Asia with has great ly influenced the formation of the culture through the mixture of experiences from these different Diasporas (Smyth, 2010). Carnival, Parang, Maroon festival, Folklore, string band music, big drum dancing and patois are a few of the cultural aspects of Grenada that adds to the attractiveness of the tourism product (Joseph, 2010). Although tourism could serve to reinforce the preservation and conservation of heritage and traditions, it can also degrade the cultural environment through the commercialization of the culture, religion and arts (Joseph, 2009). many an(prenominal) observers believe that tourism has negatively impacted the Grenadian culture and society.According to McKercher (2003), cultural sustainability should guarantee the protection of nature, local and the indigenous cultures and especially traditional knowledge.One of the key ways in which tourism negatively impacts society is through the conflicting lifestyles and ideas between the tourist and the locals. In the Gr enadian context, the locals try to imitate these lifestyles and ideas which lead to a dilution of the culture and value systems on the island. This in turn increases social problems such as theft and prostitution, and change magnitude inebriant and drug use. In addition, the divisions between the tourist and the local population can cause a lot of tension. This tension arises from the fact that small communities where poverty, unemployment and overcrowding are permeant are sometimes located near to hotels and other developments specifically designated for the tourist. As a result, locals become aggravated since they feel a sense of inequality in their own country. Sometime locals are even dis displace in order to accommodate a tourist. This was exemplified during the development of the Port Louis project where many of the locals were relocated to La Sagesse in St. Davids in order to make room for the villas. In this case the new development was once where the locals depended on t heir livelihood through fishing.Local sustainability is also a key aspect of sustainable development. According to McKercher (2010), local sustainability should be designed to benefit the local communities and generate and retain income in those communities. The provision of quality employment to community residents and the equitable distribution of financial benefits throughout the supply chain are identified as being important aspects of local sustainability. Local industries such as farming and fishing should employ sustainable practices, which should also be developed to meet the needs of the tourist. This could in turn minimize the effects of leakage. Many of the goods used by the tourism industry are bought outside of the country because many times the local suppliers cannot adequately meet demand or provide the right quality. A locally sustainable approach would provide incentives and training to local suppliers (farmers, craftsmen, fishermen etc.) to improve their standards and also to find other avenues to benefit from tourism. The Gouyave fish Friday is an example of how a local fishing community was able to benefit from tourism not by directly supplying to the hotels but through their own orifice and thus directly benefiting. However, Tourism puts added strain on local industries such as fishing and farming, therefore, a sustainable approach must be utilize in order to ensure that the locals continue to benefit. The Levera turtle protection group is another example of how the locals were diverted from exploiting the turtle, by killing them for meat, to protecting them. This is more sustainable because a protected turtle will be around for a longer period to generate income for the locals, whereas the previous approach would have eventually resulted in them becoming extinct.The importance of sustainable tourism in the context of Grenada must be emphasized since the benefits that can be derived from it are numerous. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (1999) further underscore this point by stating that the sustainable development of tourism is of importance for all countries, in particular for Small Island Developing States. The economic, environmental, cultural and local security of Grenada is at stake if sustainable development is not adequately adopted in Grenadas approach towards tourism. If a sustainable approach is not employed there is much at stake. The cost of repairing damages to the marine as well as the terrestrial environment could put added strain on the economy. Also, at stake is possibility of loss of endangered plant and mammal life and biodiversity. The country will also continue to experience and increased state of vulnerability towards the effects of climate change since according to AOSIS (2009), climate change poses the most serious threat to our survival and viability and that it undermines our efforts to achieve sustainable developmental goals and threatens our very existence. Also at stake is the degradation of Grenadas culture and traditions. Nettleford (1977) emphasizes the importance of culture by stating that the issue of cultural identity is of great significanceand as such should be treated with the same level of importance as economic self sufficiency. In addition, the welfare of the local population could be significantly compromised since there is a possibility of increased poverty. The Brundtland Report (1987) stresses that poverty reduces peoples capacity to utilize resources in a sustainable manner which intensifies the mount of pressure placed on the environment. Therefore, every aspect of life in Grenada can be affected if a sustainable approach to tourism in not instantaneously employed.Therefore it can be concluded that, since tourism is such an integral part of Grenadas economy, if a sustainable approach is adopted it can significantly contribute to environmental protection, conservation and restoration of biological diversity and the s ustainable utilization of natural resources (UNEP, 2003). A sustainable approach to tourism in Grenada should employ a holistic approach encompassing the economic, environmental, cultural and local aspects since all these different segments of the country serve to benefit. The adaptation of a sustainable approach in the economic sense would improve the diversity and functionality of the sector while at the same time providing a wide range of economic benefits. The goods and services provided by the environment will be preserved through ecological sustainability. Cultural sustainability would serve to promote the preservation and celebration of the local culture and beliefs. And, local sustainability provides the locals with rewarding and immediate work and income opportunities. Consequently, ever aspect of life would be positively impacted and the Small Island Developing State of Grenada could secure a more viable future.

Death of a Salesman :: essays research papers

In Death of a salesman, Willy Lomans values are very more skewed. He is focused on ideals that are dedicated to success in a world which has no room for non-achievers. Willys life was built of pretended dreams and hopes. His main values in life are money and being well desire. These beliefs are expressed throughout the entire story. He says Be liked and you allow never want. Willy also complains that Biff has yet to make thirty-five dollars a weekThe importance of being well-liked, physically attractive, and being a entire athlete are the qualities which are often stressed by Willy Loman. He builds his whole life around this idea and teaches it to his children. He is convinced that Happy will become store manager, when Happy is just a loser. Willy constantly tells himself all of the great things that Biff has done, extremely inflating Biffs image. Willy still refuses to face world when Biff states that he never worked as a salesman for Oliver. Willy replies, But you were pract ically. By the time Biff is grown, it is almost too late to realize that good looks and gymnastic talent does not ensure respect and financial success. Biff knows this and says to his father, Weve been walking in a dream for fifteen years.I never got anywhere because you blew me so full of hot air. Biff realizes that he has been blinded by false values. Willys dream is to become like Dave Singleman. He was so impressed that Singleman was so well-liked, that buyers and salesman from all over came to his funeral. Willys need to be admired is so important that he lies about his own reputation and success. To prove to himself that he is well-liked, Willy cheats on his wife.Moral values are not taught to Lomans boys. When Biff steals the foot ball, Willy says that the coach would be proud that Biff wanted to practice. Also, when Biff told his father that Bernard gave him answers to his test, Willy had no problem with it.

Role of Women in the Epic of Beowulf Essay -- Epic of Beowulf womenbeo

Role of Women in Beowulf As an epic tale of heroes and giants, Beowulf gives its readers much excitement and adventure, exclusively Beowulfs importance is much than just literary. It offers many insights into the beliefs and customs of seventh-century Anglo-Saxon culture. Among these insights is the Anglo-Saxon view of women and their role in society. Good Anglo-Saxon women are peaceful and unassertive, greeting guests and serving drinks to the state of warriors and otherwise men in the meadhall. Wealhtheow, the queen of the Danes, represents a typical subservient Anglo-Saxon woman. As a foil to Wealhtheow, Grendels mother is a strong and combative monster whom Beowulf must kill. By analyzing these two characters in Beowulf, we can understand the treatment and mistreatment of women in Anglo-Saxon society. The author of Beowulf generally supports the traditional Anglo-Saxon views of women by praise Wealhtheow, condemning Grendels mother, and showing the need to suppress femin ine forces like Wyrd however, he does offer some criticism of these views by creating sympathy for Grendels mother, allowing Wealhtheow to assert herself in the hobby of her husband and children, and revealing masculine fear of feminine power. The author creates Wealhtheow to embody the role of a traditional Anglo-Saxon woman, and he presents this role as the precisely appropriate one for Wealhtheow to fulfill. She serves as a peace make unnecessaryer in the ever-tumultuous Heorot meadhall. When the author first introduces Wealhtheow to his audience, she immediately falls into her role as peaceful greeter and cocktail waitress. The author writes, thus Wealhtheow came forth / folk-queen of the Danes daughter of Helmingas / and Hrothgars bedmate. She hailed all of them / spo... ...st darkness (l. 73) to restore peace and order. Wyrd works to bring disorder and doom to Beowulf and the warriors of Heorot, just as Grendels mother wages her war of destruction and death on Hrothgar and his kingdom. Beowulf subdues Grendels mother permanently by killing her, but Wyrd can only be avoided temporarily, not destroyed once and for all. This suggests that the battle against female authority and uprising is timeless, and the only way to deal with this problem is on an individual basis. The authors views on women may never be fully revealed, but it is clear that he believes in male superiority and that insurgent females ought to be suppressed. Like Wealhtheow, females should only exert minimal power and influence, but they should always keep the drinks coming. Work Cited Beowulf. Trans. Frederick Rebsamen. New York HarperPerennial, 1991.